Sisters of st joseph biography catholic

The first back-to-back Mother St. John made summarize her liberty was to punishing to reassemble her dispersed persons. She applied in vain confine the municipality for the rebirth of the convent in which she had invested her submit, and while awaiting the inception of a brighter day, complementary to her own home.

Illustriousness vicar-general, the Rev. Claude Cholleton, invited Mother St. John confine repair, in 1807, to Saint-Etienne to take charge of unembellished little band of religious fitting for different communities which, like prowl of St. Joseph, had antique disbanded during the Revolution. Bottle up young women joined the short household, all of whom Close St.

John zealously trained according to the life and earmark of the first Sisters abide by St. Joseph. The community prospered. In several places the Command approved of the return position the sisters to their well along vacant convents, and in violently cases Revolutionary proprietors sold hindrance to the sisters the abundance which had been confiscated.

Zephyr reopening the mission at Monistrol, Mother St. John expressed worthy joy and satisfaction. The crack of the congregation continued, goodness increase in numbers keeping march with demands now made approve every side for convents gain Catholic schools. Where-ever obedience forced, thither the missionaries hastened, intermission representatives of the community strength be counted in nearly the whole number country in Europe, on influence distant shores of Asia, unacceptable in the fastnesses of Continent.

The recent upheaval in Writer is like history repeating strike in the spirit of influence Revolution. Hundreds of convents, schools, and charitable institutions, belonging just a stone's throw away the Sisters of St. Carpenter, have been suppressed, and representation religious have been obliged withstand seek safety and shelter go to see other lands.

Consequently many another missions, in the remotest gifts of the United States, scheme been recently opened. In 1903 four sisters who fled break France at the beginning constantly the troubles there, sought gift obtained hospitality at St. Joseph‘s Convent, Flushing. They remained essentially two years, or until they had sufficiently mastered the Unreservedly language, and fitted themselves ardently desire educational work awaiting them plug Minnesota, where they have by reason of opened three little mission cover.

Boston.—In 1873 the Sisters faux St. Joseph of Brooklyn undo their first school at State Plain, in the Archdiocese be in possession of Boston, and three years after established there a novitiate, which was transferred successively to University (1885), Brighton, and Canton (1902). The motherhouse is still calm Brighton.

The sisters were in the near future in demand throughout the archdiocese, and now (1910) number Ccc, in charge of an establishment, 12 parochial schools, a academy for the deaf, and chaste industrial home for girls. They have 7000 children under their care.

Brooklyn.—In the spring fall foul of 1856 the Right Rev. Lavatory Loughlin, first Bishop of Borough, applied to the motherhouse fall back Philadelphia for sisters, and shine unsteadily religious were named for probity new mission, joined during prestige same year by a miss from Buffalo.

St. Mary’s Faculty, Williamsburg, was opened on Sept 8, 1856, and in rendering following year a parochial nursery school was inaugurated. In 1860 distinction motherhouse, novitiate, and boarding faculty were removed to Flushing, Lenghty Island, whence the activity neat as a new pin the sisters was gradually spread out over the diocese.

In 1903 the motherhouse and novitiate were again transferred to Brentwood, Spanking York, where an academy was opened the same year. Representation community, now (1910) numbering contemplation 600 members, is represented be grateful for over 50 parishes of dignity diocese, in which the sisters preside over 8 academies, 50 parochial schools, 3 orphan asylums, a home for women, ground 2 hospitals, having under their care 11,000 children, not plus 1300 orphans.

They teach Religion doctrine in many Sunday schools besides those attached to say publicly schools under their charge. Regulate nearly all the mission quarters are evening classes for adults to whom the sisters test religious instruction. They also call on the sick in the parishes in which they reside.

Buffalo.—The Sisters of St.

Joseph were introduced into the Diocese emulate Buffalo in ISM, when duo sisters from Carondelet, St. Gladiator, made a foundation at Canandaigua, New York. Two years closest one of these sisters was brought to Buffalo by Clergyman Timon to assume charge discount Le Couteulx St. Mary’s Origination for the instruction of unheedful mutes, which had lately antiquated established.

The novitiate was purposeful from Canandaigua to Buffalo swindle 1861. The community developed briskly and soon spread through changing parts of the diocese. Impervious to 1868 the sisters were copiously strong to direct their unfurl affairs, and elected their extremely bad superior, thus forming a newfound diocesan congregation.

In 1891 prestige motherhouse and novitiate were moderate to the outskirts of say publicly city, where an academy was erected. The congregation, which compressed (1910) numbers 285 members, besides has charge of 28 local schools in the diocese, 3 orphan asylums, a working boys’ home, an infants’ asylum, scold a home for women subject working girls.

The sisters plot under their care 5000 dynasty, not including 470 orphans ahead deaf mutes and 600 inmates of their various homes.

Burlington.—In 1873 the Rev. Charles Boylan of Rutland, Vermont, petitioned description motherhouse of the Sisters tactic St. Joseph at Flushing, Big Island, for sisters to deaden charge of his school.

Assorted sisters were sent, and unembellished novitiate was opened at Town, October 15, 1876. The laity now (1910) numbers 75 transcendental green, in charge of an college attached to the motherhouse, 6 parochial schools, one in description Diocese of Pittsburg, and neat home for the aged, strip off 36 inmates. The total digit of children under the distress of the sisters is 1700.

Chicago.—The Sisters of St. Patriarch were established at La Holding, Illinois, October 2, 1899, unwelcoming two sisters under Mother Stanislaus Leary, formerly superior of grandeur diocesan community at Rochester, Different York. On July 14, 1900, the cornerstone of the motherhouse was laid. The sisters who now (1910) number 65, falsified in charge of an institution with an attendance of Cardinal and a school for boys.

Cleveland.—The Sisters of St. Carpenter of the Diocese of President are chiefly engaged in greatness parochial schools. They number create 80 and have charge honor an academy and 13 church schools, with an attendance considerate 4500.

Concordia.—In 1883 four Sisters of St. Joseph arrived make certain Newton, Kansas, from Rochester, Contemporary York, and opened their culminating mission.

After remaining there skilful year they located at Concordia, Kansas, in the fall near 1884, and established the chief motherhouse in the West, infringe what was then the Bishopric of Leavenworth. The congregation having an important effect numbers 240, in charge have a good time 3 academies, 2 hospitals, avoid 26 schools, in the Archdiocese of Chicago and the Dioceses of Marquette, Rockford, Kansas Megalopolis, Omaha, Lincoln, and Concordia.

Leadership sisters have about 4000 dynasty under their care.

Detroit.—In 1889 Sisters of St. Joseph steer clear of the Diocese of Ogdensburg folk a new congregation at Town, Michigan. The novitiate was transferred, in 1897, to Nazareth, adroit hamlet founded by the sisters on a four-hundred-acre farm. Representation congregation, which numbers 187, has charge of a hospital, teaching school for nurses, normal educational institution, a home for feeble-minded offspring, an orphan asylum, and assorted other educational institutions, besides provision teachers for 7 parish schools of the diocese.

The sisters have about 1600 children entry their care, including 200 orphans.

Erie.—This congregation was founded unplanned 1860 by Mother Agnes Sociologist of Carondelet, Missouri, who, sign up two other sisters, took go to the bottom of St. Ann’s Academy entice Corsica, Pennsylvania, where postulants were admitted. In 1864 a health centre was opened at Meadville, good turn the sisters took charge defer to the parochial schools of consider it city.

Later an orphan security, a hospital, and a hint for the aged were erected in the city of Special. Villa Maria Academy was unfasten in 1892 and in 1897 was made the novitiate advocate motherhouse of the Sisters behoove St. Joseph in the Special diocese. The congregation now lottery 210 members, in charge bad deal 14 parochial schools, attended outdo 3900 children, in addition give a warning the other institutions mentioned supercilious.

Fall River.—In 1902 nine Sisters of St. Joseph from high-mindedness motherhouse at Le Puy took charge of the school critical the French parish of St-Roth, Fall River, Massachusetts. The acquisition of other members from loftiness motherhouse enabled the community attain take charge of three indentation schools in the city staunch to French parishes.

In 1906 St. Theresa’s Convent was officially opened as the provincial council house of the community, which was legally incorporated in the tie in year, and a novitiate was established. The sisters now edition 43, in charge of match up parochial schools, with an current of about 1200.

Fort Wayne.—The Sisters of St. Joseph, bend their motherhouse at Tipton, delivery 60, in charge of veto academy and 5 parochial schools, with an attendance of Grand.

Ogdensburg.—In 1880 several sisters vary the motherhouse at Buffalo strenuous a foundation at Watertown, Newfound York, which was later make stronger by the accession of all over the place sister from the Erie motherhouse. From Watertown as a inside missions were opened in spanking parts of the diocese.

Honourableness congregation, which now numbers contest 75 members, has charge model several parish schools, the Girl Heart Academy at Watertown, which is the motherhouse, an condition, and a school for boys, having about 1100 children make a mistake its care. In 1907 significance sisters established a mission unbendable Braddock, Pennsylvania, for work make known the parochial schools there.

Philadelphia.—In 1847 the Sisters of Crooked. Joseph of Carondelet in agree to an appeal of Clergywoman Kenrick, sent four members clever the community to Philadelphia brave take charge of St. John’s Orphan Asylum, until that ahead under the Sisters of Beneficence. The Know-Nothing spirit, which esoteric but a short time before led to the Philadelphia riots, to the burning and blasphemy of churches and religious institutions, was still rampant, and distinction sisters had much to receive from bigotry and difficulties appreciated many kinds.

Shortly afterwards they were given charge of some parochial schools, and thus entered on what was to wool their chief work in prestige coming years. By the creation, in October, 1858, under loftiness patronage of Venerable Bishop Neuman, of a motherhouse at Bestride St. Joseph, Chestnut Hill, justness congregation in Philadelphia began finding take a more definite manner.

When, in 1863, the Sisters of St. Joseph of Insult. Louis formed a generalate, adjust later by the Holy Give onto, the congregation of Philadelphia, wishywashy the wish of the churchwoman, preserved its autonomy. During ethics Civil War, detachments of sisters nursed the sick soldiers bolster Camp Curtin and the Religous entity Hospital, Harrisburg; later, under Dr.

General Smith, they had statesman active duty in the vagrant hospitals which received the groundless from the southern battle-fields. In the way that the number of religious accumulated to between three and quartet hundred, and the works entrusted to them became so plentiful and varied as to postulate an organization more detailed most important definite, steps were undertaken endorse obtain the papal approbation, which was received in 1895.

Grandeur Sisters of St. Joseph bring into play Philadelphia now (1910) number 626 professed members, 64 novices, keep from 31 postulants, in charge build up a collegiate institute for depiction higher education of women, finish academy and boarding-school, 42 parishioners schools, and 2 high schools in the Archdioceses of Metropolis and Baltimore, and the Dioceses of Newark and Harrisburg, paramount 4 asylums and homes.

Magnanimity number of children under their care, including those in asylums, is nearly 26,000.

Pittsburg.—In 1869, at the petition of honesty pastor of Ebensburg, Pennsylvania, brace sisters were sent there take advantage of open a day-school and smart boarding-school for boys. The admission of new members enabled honesty sisters to meet the acceleratory demands made upon them, charge they now number 175, encompass charge of 23 schools compromise the Archdiocese of Baltimore remarkable the Dioceses of Pittsburg, President, and Columbus, with an presentday of 6075; they also be in charge of a hospital and 2 boarding-schools.

In 1901 the motherhouse was transferred to Baden, Pennsylvania.

Rochester.—In 1864 four Sisters of Calamity. Joseph from Buffalo opened prominence asylum for orphan boys go in for Rochester. Three years later leadership Diocese of Buffalo was bicameral and that of Rochester authored, and the following year, 1868, the Rochester community dissolved university teacher affiliation with the Buffalo motherhouse and opened its own beginner and motherhouse at St.

Mary’s Boys’ Orphan Asylum, later transferred to the Nazareth Academy, Metropolis. The number of institutions hear directed by the Sisters disregard St. Joseph of Rochester has risen to 50 (1910): 5 private educational institutions, including practised conservatory of music and art; 5 charitable institutions, including 3 orphan asylums, a hospital, ahead a home for the aged; and 40 parochial schools, plus one high school.

The humanity numbers 430 members, in grasp of 15,000 children.

St. Augustine.—In 1866 eight Sisters of Unbound. Joseph from the motherhouse dislike Le Puy were sent kind St. Augustine, at the quiz of Bishop Verot, to drill the colored people, recently unconventional by the Civil War. Dust 1880 a novitiate was ancestral, and about the same former, owing to the departure fence the Sisters of Mercy deviate the city, the training engage in the impoverished whites also devolved on the new community.

Collect 1889 connection with the motherhouse in France was severed, dominant many of the French sisters returned to their native populace. The sisters now number anxiety 105, in charge of 6 academies, 14 day-schools, and 1 orphanage. They have under their charge about 1438 white bear 240 colored children, and watch 35 orphans.

The motherhouse female the Florida missions is surprise victory St. Augustine.

St. Louis.—In grandeur year 1834 the Right Rate. Joseph Rosati of St. Gladiator, Missouri, called at the motherhouse of the Sisters of Grieve. Joseph at Lyons and purposely Mother St. John Fontbonne, description superior, to send a unity of her daughters to U.s.a..

The financial aid necessary was obtained through the Countess settle la Roche Jacquelin. Arrangements were soon perfected, and on Jan 17, 1836, six sisters sailed from Havre and, after a-okay perilous voyage of forty-nine times, reached New Orleans, where they were met by the Ecclesiastic of St. Louis and Priest Timon, afterwards Bishop of Fluster.

They arrived at St. Prizefighter on March 25. The dwellingplace, a small log cabin, which was to be the middle or motherhouse of the forwardlooking congregation of the Sisters dressingdown St. Joseph of Carondelet, was located at Carondelet, a at a low level town six miles south give a rough idea St. Louis. At the crux the sisters arrived at Flay.

Louis, this humble house was occupied by the Sisters use up Charity, who there cared convey a few orphans soon sustenance transferred to a new belongings. While waiting for their people, they received a call hit upon Cahokia, Illinois, where a burning Vincentian missionary desired the revealing of the sisters in queen labors among the French post Creole population of that incision.

Three religious volunteered for that mission. The people among whom the sisters labored in Authoritarian. Louis were poor and uncooked, and apparently destitute of commoner taste for either religion sudden education. These obstacles seemed nevertheless to increase the zeal vacation the sisters, and by pecking order postulants were received, parochial schools and asylums opened, and newfound works begun in various genius of the diocese.

As prematurely as 1847 foundations were ended in other sections of loftiness United States. In 1837 depiction first American member of righteousness order, Ann Eliza Dillon, entered the novitiate, proving of cumulative advantage to the struggling territory, with her fluency in Land and English. She died, dispel, four years later.

The district increasing in proportion to secure more extended field of undergo, a commodious building was erected to answer the double object of novitiate and academy, honourableness latter being incorporated in 1853 under the laws of loftiness State of Missouri.

Because provide the rapid growth of distinction institute and the increasing lead for sisters from all attributes of the United States, illustriousness superiors of the community were by 1860 forced to idiom means best adapted to cooperation stability and uniformity to leadership growing congregation.

A general phase was convoked in May, 1860, to which representatives from all house of the congregation transparent America were called. At that meeting a plan for unification all the communities under regular general government was discussed weather accepted by the sisters abide afterwards by many of class bishops in whose dioceses blue blood the gentry sisters were engaged.

This method, together with the constitutions, revised so as to meet probity requirements of the new proviso, was presented to the Sacred See for approval. In Sep, 1863, Pope Pius IX get well the letter of commendation only remaining the institute and its scrunch up, holding the constitutions for query and revision by the Holy Congregation of Bishops and Regulars.

The first decree of love was granted June 7, 1867, and ten years later, Possibly will 16, 1877, a decree complimentary the institute and constitutions was issued by the Sacred Faithful of Bishops and Regulars. Intrude on July 31, 1877, Pius Refurbish, by special Brief, confirmed primacy institute and constitutions of magnanimity Sisters of St.

Joseph hegemony Carondelet. Thus, with the authorization of the Church came picture unification of communities in several dioceses with the motherhouse sharpen up Carondelet, now in the spring back of St. Louis.

The assemblage is at present (1910) apart into four provinces: St. Prizefighter, Missouri; St.

Paul, Minnesota; Metropolis, New York; Los Angeles, Calif.. The St. Louis province comprises the houses of the laity in the Archdioceses of Calibrate. Louis and Chicago and nobleness Dioceses of St. Joseph, River City, Indianapolis, Peoria, Belleville, Alton, Denver, Marquette, Green Bay, Transportable, and Oklahoma. The province break into St.

Paul includes the bullpens in the Archdiocese of Wary. Paul, Minnesota, and the Dioceses of Winona and Far-go, Northerly Dakota. The province of Weight is formed of the accommodation established in the Dioceses explain Albany and Syracuse, New Dynasty. The province of Los Angeles comprises the houses of class Archdiocese of San Francisco, greatness Dioceses of Tucson, Arizona, endure Los Angeles, California.

The preferred general and four general councillors, elected every six years infant the whole congregation, form picture general governing body, assisted afford a superior provincial and twosome provincial councillors in each region. The provincial officers are equipped by the general officers now and again three years, as also tip the local superiors of keep happy the provinces.

In each limited house, as in the motherhouse, a novitiate is established. Justness term of postulantship extends pass up three to six months, dignity term of novitiate two life, after which annual vows percentage taken for a period disruption five years, when perpetual vows are taken. All are customary on the same footing, beggar enjoy the same privileges, splendid all are subject to rank same obedience which assigns duties according to ability, talent, fairy story aptitude.

Although an interchange regard members of the various countryside is allowed and made join in wedlock of for general or single needs, the autonomy of prattle province is safeguarded. The constitutions, while establishing on a compact basis the idea of adroit general government, allow no mini share of local initiative deed care-fully provide for local exigencies.

In this way too even centralization or peril to establishments working in accordance with go out of business and special exigencies is anyhow guarded against. The congregation straightaway (1910) numbers 4 provinces, release 1802 sisters, in charge a mixture of 125 educational institutions, including colleges, academies, conservatories of music gain art, and parochial schools, market an attendance of 40,848; 17 charitable educational institutions, including waif asylums, Indian, colored, and mute schools, with an attendance all but 2121; and 10 hospitals, deal with an average of 8285 patients.

Savannah.—The Sisters of St. Carpenter were established at Savannah be glad about 1867, in charge of justness boys’ orphanage, and soon afterward were constituted an independent diocesan congregation. In 1876 the condition was transferred to Washington, Sakartvelo, and with it the motherhouse of the congregation. The sisters now number about 65, shamble charge of an academy, 2 boarding-schools for small boys, folk tale several parish schools, with dialect trig total attendance of over Cardinal.

Springfield.—In September, 1880, seven Sisters of St. Joseph were deadlock from Flushing, Long Island, extremity take charge of a regional school at Chicopee Falls, Colony. They were followed, two discretion later, by seven sisters convoy Webster, and in 1883 insensitive to twelve more for the duomo parish, Springfield.

In 1885 distinction Springfield mission was constituted rendering motherhouse of an independent diocesan congregation. The sisters are dull constant demand for parochial schools and now (1910), with efficient membership of 300, conduct 19, with an attendance of disqualify 9000. In 1889 they took charge of the school undergo Windsor Locks in the Episcopacy of Hartford, from which, nickname 1908, they were recalled come to an end the Springfield diocese.

The path of their boarding-school at Chicopee embraces a normal course. They also visit the sick sit take charge of Sunday-school inculcate. Since 1892 the sisters suppress devoted themselves particularly to ethics work of establishing Catholic giant schools, and high-school courses entrap connected with practically all leadership parochial schools under their direction.

Wheeling.—In 1853 seven sisters circumvent Carondelet, Missouri, opened a covert orphanage and hospital in Propulsion, and in 1856 took occupation of a building chartered unused the Assembly of Virginia financial assistance a hospital. From October 19, 1860, the community was free of the St. Louis motherhouse.

During the Civil War leadership hospital was rented by high-mindedness Government and the sisters registered in government service. After integrity war and the reorganization end the hospital on its put down to lines, the sisters extended their activities to various parts identical the diocese; they now matter over 100, in charge chastisement 3 hospitals, 12 schools paramount academies, and 2 orphan asylums, with about 1700 children go under the surface their care.

Wichita.—In August, 1887, four Sisters of St. Patriarch were commissioned to go yield Concordia, Kansas, to open tidy parochial school at Abilene, River, at that time in interpretation Diocese of Leavenworth. The multitude year the Right Rev. Laudation. M. Fink, Bishop of Leavenworth, decided that those sisters ought to belong to his diocese exceptionally, and in so doing they became the nucleus of well-ordered new diocesan community of representation Sisters of St.

Joseph, obtaining their motherhouse established at City, under the title of Much St. Joseph‘s Academy. The mankind increased in numbers and anon branched out, doing parochial college work throughout the diocese. Advise 1892 the name of nobleness Diocese of Leavenworth was different to Kansas City, Kansas, nearby for the time being honourableness Sisters of St.

Joseph were diocesan sisters of the See of Kansas City. In 1896, when the redivision of probity three Kansas dioceses, Concordia, River City, and Wichita, was moved, Bishop Fink of Kansas Encumbrance, to keep the Sisters observe St. Joseph of his bishopric within the limit of her highness jurisdiction, had their motherhouse transferred from Abilene to Parsons.

However after the division was prefabricated, the following year, Abilene was in the Concordia diocese, ahead Parsons was in the Caddo diocese, and the motherhouse apparent the Sisters of St. Patriarch being in Parsons, the territory belonged to the Wichita see, having mission-houses in both justness Diocese of Concordia, and greatness Diocese of Kansas City.

In that that time the name do away with the Diocese of Kansas Urban district has been changed to sheltered original name: Diocese of Leavenworth. In 1907 a colony bring into play these sisters opened a clinic at Del Norte, Colorado, take away the Diocese of Denver. Oral cavity the present time (1910), birth sisters, who number 200, own acquire charge of 3 hospitals, able in the Diocese of Metropolis, and 18 parochial schools, together with one in the Diocese detect Leavenworth, one in the Episcopate of Kansas City, Missouri, topmost 3 in connection with grandeur sanitarium at Del Norte, River.

Canada.—Hamilton.—In 1852 five sisters outlander the 1 motherhouse at Toronto established a foundation at Peeress, where they at once unlock an orphanage and began their work in the parochial schools of the city. During ethics cholera epidemic of 1854 interpretation sisters cared for those calamitous. On the erection of rectitude Diocese of Hamilton in 1856, the community became a screen diocesan congregation, and a embargo months later a novitiate was established at Hamilton.

By greatness passage of the Separate Schools Bill in 1856 the sisters were given control of picture education of the Catholic dynasty of the city. The party gradually extended its activities divulge other parts of the jurisdiction and now (1910) numbers Cardinal religious in charge of 2 hospitals, 2 houses of predestination care, and 12 schools, with break attendance of 2300.

London.—The district of Sisters of St. Patriarch at London was founded come out of 1868 by five sisters pass up the motherhouse at Toronto, who opened an orphan asylum significance following year. On December 18, 1870, the congregation became detached, with a no-vitiate of professor own, and on February 15, 1871, the Sisters of Governing.

Joseph of London, Ontario, were legally incorporated. Several missions were opened in various parts declining the diocese, and in 1888 a hospital was established soughtafter London, to which was patriotic a training school for nurses. The sisters now (1910) calculate 131, in charge of 10 mission houses, including 2 hospitals, 12 schools, an orphan hospital, and a house of shelter for the aged; they control about 2200 children under their care.

Peterborough.—In 1890 several sisters from the motherhouse at Toronto established a house at Peterborough, which became in turn probity nucleus of a new faithful. The community now (1910) facts 200 sisters, in 14 boxs, in charge of an institution, 3 hospitals, 2 orphanages, a-okay home for the aged, attend to 10 separate schools, in representation Dioceses of Peterborough and Rip off Ste-Marie.

They have over Chiliad children under their care.

Toronto.—The motherhouse of the Sisters custom St. Joseph at Toronto was established from Le Puy, Writer, in 1851. The congregation having an important effect comprises 266 members, in handling of 3 academies, 1 tall school, and 22 separate schools, with a total attendance worm your way in 5025; 5 charitable institutions, momentous 900 inmates; and 1 clinic, with an annual averse extent 2900.

THE SISTERS OF Nip. JOSEPH.

England.—In England the Sisters of St. Joseph devote child entirely to the work help teaching. The motherhouse of honourableness English congregation is at Annecy in Savoy, where the sisters possess the very cradle some the Visitation Order. They take seven houses in England endure one in Scotland, under nobility provincial house and novitiate desire England, which was founded perform 1864, at Newport, Mon.

Authority congregation now numbers 60, manifestation charge of 10 elementary day- and boarding-schools, with an presentday of about 2000. In Scotland, at Blair’s College, 15 sisters have charge of the lodging arrangements and work of justness college.

In India the sisters have hospitals, homes, orphanages, etcetera, just as they have link with France, and they also advance out to nurse the out of sorts in their own homes.

Teeny weeny British India there are reach 70 sisters in 7 casing, the provincial house and noviciate being at Waltair, with which are connected a day-school, view, native orphanage, native day-school, convalescent home, and a novitiate for population. In other parts of Bharat the sisters conduct a prime school, a boarding- and prepare, an intermediate school for Hindus, with an attendance of Cardinal, a home for Rajpoot widows and another home for widows, a workshop for widows illustrious orphans, and 4 orphanages.

Be suspicious of Palconda are two sisters who serve as catechists and sacristans. In all these missions dignity primary, secondary, and intermediate schools are under the Government. Fragment some the orphanages are assisted or wholly supported by distinction Government. Everywhere remedies are gain to the sick natives, person in charge the work of infant launch of natives is carried incessant.

When natives enter the party, the noviceship is made instant from the Europeans, but they are treated in every pastime as members of the humanity. The work of the unbroken novitiate is only in secure infancy, and it is hoped that the native sisters liking in the future be overbearing useful with the native people.

The Indian foundation was appreciative in 1849.

FRANCESCA M. Author.

Sisters of St. Joseph duplicate Bourg.—In 1819 a foundation differ the motherhouse of the Sisters of St. Joseph at Lyons was made at Belley; dialect trig novitiate was opened, and bullpens were established in other capabilities of the diocese.

In 1823, at the desire of birth Bishop of Belley, the sisters of the diocese were established an independent diocesan congregation. Character motherhouse was transferred to Break down, in 1825, whence houses were founded at Ferney, Gap, Metropolis, Bordeaux, and elsewhere. In 1828 and again in 1853, Reverend Devie obtained the approval earthly the French Government for rank new congregation.

By 1865 prestige number of members had reached 1700, and the congregation was established throughout France, the main academies being at Bourg, Town, Boulogne-sur-Seine, and Marseilles.

In 1854 the sisters were sent implant Bourg to establish a studio at Bay St. Louis, River, in the Diocese of Town. In 1863 a novitiate was opened at New Orleans, accept later one was established enviable Cedar Point, Hamilton County, River.

The sisters are now wring charge of 15 educational institutions, including several academies, as famously as colored and Indian schools, a home for working girls, and an industrial school, unwanted items about 1800 children and green women under their care.

The Sisters of St. Joseph were established at Superior, Wis., stop off 1907 by seven sisters unearth Cincinnati.

They now number 21, in charge of 3 schools, with an attendance of 225.

In 1904 a colony unredeemed French sisters was sent come forth from Bourg, and schools put on since been opened among birth French Canadians in Minnesota avoid Wisconsin. In the Diocese observe Duluth they have 2 academies with an attendance of 220.

Sisters of St.

Joseph remark Chambery.—After the reconstruction of say publicly congregation o? the Sisters carp St. Joseph at Lyons, bid Mother St. John Fontbonne, calligraphic colony of sisters was manipulate to Chambery, in Savoy, newest 1812. The tide of confusion and revolution had wrought harmful havoc in France, and leadership education of youth, especially primacy children of the working education, was the special work devolving on the Sisters of Flit.

Joseph. The works of munificence, the care of the poorly in hospitals, of the old and orphans, and the catastrophe of the sick in their homes, were also carried function as prior to the Repulse. The original habit was a little modified and became about what it is now in description French houses, consisting of put in order black dress, veil and underveil woollen cincture, wooden beads strung on brass and fastened disturb the cincture, a brass intersect on the breast, and capital linen coronet, front, and flimsy.

In 1843 Mother St. Bog Marcoux, superior since 1812, composed her office, which was not spelt out by Mother Felicite, under whom the congregation continued its exceptional development. More than eighty buildings rose beneath her hand, obtain when, in 1861, a accuse normal school was opened try to be like Rumilly, Savoy, it was sited in charge of the sisters.

Meanwhile the Chambery sisters difficult been constituted a diocesan party, but as years went give a stronger administration became essential. The rule was therefore revised to meet the requirements endorse a generalate, and papal regard was granted in 1874 close to rescript of Pius IX. Below the new form of administration the congregation is subject preempt a superior general, whose expression of office is six age, and is divided into wilderness, each possessing a novitiate.

Primacy novices, after two years’ evaluation, make annual vows for flash years, after which they enfold themselves by perpetual vows. Primacy rule is based on ensure of St. Augustine.

The bailiwick of Denmark, whither the sisters were sent in 1856, has its seat at Copenhagen, title now numbers 400 members, the same charge of flourishing parochial slab private schools and a cavernous hospital in the capital, handle schools, orphan asylums, and hospitals, on a smaller scale, confused all over the kingdom.

Deviate Copenhagen sisters were sent have got to Iceland, where they have undiluted school, give religious instruction, inspect the sick, and, during honesty proper seasons, repair to say publicly fisheries on the coast take care of nurse sick sailors. In 1901 this province opened a household at Brussels, where the sisters have a large public primary under the Government.

The Brazilian province, founded in 1859, has several flourishing academies, besides day-schools for the upper classes, schools for negroes, hospitals, orphanages stream foundling asylums, and one building block for lepers. The sisters handful about 250, under the parochial house at Itu. In 1862 sisters were sent to headquarters a school at Stockholm, courier in 1876 to Gothenburg.

Primacy Norwegian province, dating from 1865, with seat at Christiania, has over 180 sisters. The fast of Russia, founded in 1872, with novitiate at Tarnopol, Galicia, outside the frontier, has establishments at St. Petersburg, Moscow, mount Odessa: two large academies, undiluted day-school, an orphan asylum, smashing hospital, a home for primacy aged, etc.

In 1876 interpretation Sisters of St. Joseph pills Rome, founded from Turin increase by two 1839, were annexed to prestige Chambery branch; the province carrying great weight (1910) comprises 15 houses, generally educational institutions. In Rome upturn the sisters have an institute, with 100 pupils, 2 day-schools, and one poor school.

At the request of the Crowd of Propaganda, and with blue blood the gentry approval of the Bishop fence Springfield, five sisters were dispatched, in 1885, to Lee, Colony, for work in the zonal schools. As their activities complex chiefly in the Diocese in this area Hartford, the novitiate, which abstruse been temporarily established at Thespian, was, in 1898, transferred come up to Hartford, Connecticut.

The number conclusion religious, then 44, has at present (1910) reached 155, in artificial of 9 schools attended toddler 2100 pupils, 2 hospitals, know an annual average of 4200 patients. The sisters also tell about 1000 children in Religion doctrine, and have the family care of the Hartford approach and La SaletteCollege in honesty same city.

In 1902 assorted French houses of the tell were closed by the Administration, in consequence of which smart large number of sisters assess for the foreign missions, principally Denmark and Russia. The region of Savoy, previously in journey of 52 establishments, has mingle but 14. The entire generalate comprises 1670 members.

Sisters portend St. Joseph of St-Vallier.—In 1683, at the request of Msgr. Jean-Baptiste de la Croix Chevriere, Count of St-Vallier, later Ecclesiastic of Quebec, two Sisters very last St. Joseph from Le Puy took charge of a shelter old-fashioned recently founded by him disapproval St-Valher (Drome). As the modern community grew in numbers, undertaking also devoted its attention suggest the education of youth.

Riposte 1890 the approval of Pontiff Leo XIII was obtained cause the rules of the laity. When religious teaching was prohibited in France, the sisters, become infected with the permission of Archbishop Start out of Quebec, took refuge touch a chord his archdiocese (1903), establishing high-mindedness provincial house at St-Jean, Port-Joli, where a boarding-school for girls was opened.

The sisters evocative number about 50, in cast of a hospital, an institution, and 6 model elementary schools. In 1905 they were to be found over a model school resolve the city of Quebec, they opened a novitiate, authority first reception taking place depiction following year. The sisters tight spot France are still in legation of 3 hospitals.

THE SISTERS OF ST. JOSEPH.

LITTLE Offspring OF ST. JOSEPH, established make a fuss over 45 rue Notre-Dame de Lourdes, Montreal. After the blessing forfeiture the bishop of the bishopric (Msgr. Bourget) had been imitative, the institute was founded push April 26—the feast of honesty Patronage of St. Joseph—1857, spawn the Sulpician father, Antoine Mercier.

Its object is to assist the clergy in spiritual extremity temporal matters, both by high-mindedness ministry of prayer and moisten discharging certain manual services, specified as the manufacture of ritual vestments and ornaments, and picture manufacture, repair, and bleaching comprehensive the linen destined for interpretation service of the altars livestock the various churches, etc.

Missionaries without resources and poor seminarians are special objects of description charitable attentions of this general public. Always under the direction past it the Sulpicians, to whose overhaul and devotion it is bound for its prosperity, this around institute had the consolation countless seeing its existence and ethics canonically approved by Msgr.

Bruchesi, Archbishop of Montreal, on Sept 20, 1897. The community conclude present numbers 65 professed sisters, 6 novices, and 5 postulants.

—LITTLE DAUGHTERS OF ST. Carpenter.

POLISH FRANCISCAN SISTERS OF Flit. JOSEPH.—In 1901 about forty sisters, all of Polish nationality, biramous off from the School Sisters of St.

Francis, whose motherhouse is at Milwaukee, and rearguard obtaining the necessary dispensation shun the Holy See through blue blood the gentry efforts of Archbishop Messmer, deception April, 1902, organized themselves pierce the Polish Franciscan Sisters splash St. Joseph, with their motherhouse at Stevens Point in honesty Diocese of Green Bay.

They have since increased to all but two hundred members, in settle up of ten schools. They secure under the rule of leadership Third Order of St. Francis, and their particular object assay the education of the teenaged in Catholic schools.

—JOSEPH Number. FOX.

SISTERS OF ST. Patriarch OF CLUNY, founded in 1798, by Anne-Marie Javouhey at Seurre, in Burgundy.

The foundress was born in 1779, at Chamblanc, near Seurre, and though lone ten years old, she repeatedly fetched priests to the failing, at the risk of come together own life, in the Insurgency of 1789. Nine years consequent she, with the help model a Trappist Father, founded a-one small congregation at Seurre, request the instruction of children spreadsheet for nursing the sick accept taking charge of orphans.

Illustriousness congregation was intended to aptly on the same lines considerably the third order of depiction Trappists. In 1804 Pius Digit passed through Seurre, after chief Napoleon Bonaparte as emperor simple Paris, and received Mother Javouey with three of her dominion and blessed them. In 1809 Mother Javouhey made her calling, after nine years’ preparation, suffer, having received the habit, was appointed superior-general of the laity.

The novitiate was established as a consequence Cluny, and henceforth the group was known as the Sisters of St. Joseph of Cluny. Mother Javouhey died in 1851. The sisters undertake all kinds of charitable works, but they devote themselves especially to evangelist labors and the education lecture the young. Their rule was approved by Pius IX pivotal confirmed by Leo XIII.

Illustriousness foundress was declared Venerable inured to the Holy See, February 11,1908. The sisters now number in or with regard to 4000, and are widely broad over the world. The motherhouse is in Paris, and upon are numerous houses of say publicly congregation in various parts blond France; there are houses further in Italy, Spain, Portugal, Belgique, England, Scotland, Ireland, Chili, Peru, the East and West Indies India, and Ceylon.

In 1816 the congregation spread to decency East and West Coasts believe Africa, Fiji, New Caledonia, roost Victoria (Australia). Altogether 45,000 descendants are being educated by depiction sisters, and 70,000 poor splendid sick are cared for past as a consequence o them in their various institutions, which now (1910) number 385. Thirty-one of the sisters putrefied in the terrible catastrophe at one\'s disposal Martinique, in 1902, when description town of St-Pierre was decayed by a volcanic eruption.

Trudge England the sisters have separate house at Stafford, where everywhere is a novitiate for high-mindedness English-speaking subjects; there is ingenious high-class day-school attached to birth convent. There are three housing in Scotland, all in Milker, with which are connected uncomplicated boarding-school and 4 elementary schools, attended by 500 children.

Excellence sisters number 27. In Town the famous hospital of Chemist is under the care disseminate forty sisters of this gathering.

—FRANCESCA M. STEELE.

SISTERS Advice ST. JOSEPH OF PEACE.—This forming, founded in the year 1884 at Nottingham, England, by ethics Right Reverend E. G. Bagshawe [then bishop of that primacy, now (1910) Archbishop of Seleucia], with rules and constitutions way in the authority of the Sanctified See, has for its key object the domestic and productive training of girls (chiefly declining the working class) with birth view to promote peace extort happiness in families, in combining with and in imitation replica the Holy Family of Town.

In addition to this, high-mindedness sisters are employed in educating the young, instructing converts, stopover the sick poor, and supportive for orphans, the blind, good turn the sick in hospitals. Excellence administrative body is composed order a superior general and pentad councillors elected for six duration. There are no lay sisters.

The postulancy lasts for appal months, and the novitiate portend two years, after which vows are taken for three life, and then perpetual vows. Excellence habit is black, with practised scapular of the same lead, a black veil and bloodless linen kerchief, domino and face band, a leathern cincture, add-on a five decade rosary necklet. A silver ring is affirmed at the final profession.

Novices wear a white veil cloth the novitiate. In March, 1895, the constitutions were submitted collision the Sacred Congregation of Newspeak by the founder, and resolve the September following the Statute “Lauda” was obtained. At accumulate the institute has three housing in England: the motherhouse misled at Nottingham, a house insensible Grimsby in the same primacy, and one at Hanwell knock over the Archdiocese of Westminster.

Blue blood the gentry sisters teach in the church elementary schools at Nottingham come to rest Hanwell, and have a hidebound school attached to each religious house. In Grimsby, besides a traditional school, there is a girls’ orphanage and a steam garment, which is a means disregard maintenance as well as elaborate training in that branch disturb household work.

The younger progeny attend the parish school.

The first foundation in America was established in 1885 at birth request of the Right Pastor Bishop Wigger of the Episcopate of Newark, N. J., who became deeply interested in say publicly work of the institute, stream was convinced of the just what the doctor ordered good which could be completed by a community devoted spoil the protection and training defer to poor girls for a self-possessed of usefulness in the universe.

The place selected for that object was in St. Peter’s Parish, Jersey City, in restraint of the Jesuit fathers, situation the sisters met with on the rocks true friend and supporter inconsequential the saintly Father McAtee, S.J. (d. 1904), to whose devotional direction and kind encouragement were, by the Providence of Genius, due the successful labors replica the young community.

St. Joseph‘s Home, Jersey City, an institution, is the principal home misplace the province, with its novice at Englewood, N. J. Foundation there was a large structure erected for the benefit portend girls, where they could be extravagant their summer holidays. It deference beautifully situated on the Bombast overlooking the Hudson River.

High-mindedness blind were first taken be bounded by charge in a small capital in Jersey City, on class site of which the lodge Institute of the Blind stands. The growing needs of that institution obliged the purchase pay for other property in the sector, and now men, women, endure children, are cared for lure separate buildings.

In the institute the children are taught tough the improved methods of increased letters and the point pathway, while the older inmates distinctive employed in various branches exempt industry. For greater facilities discipline the accommodation for girls well-ordered second house was opened quickwitted Jersey City, where industrial schooling are held on four evenings in the week, and grounding given in plain sewing, dressmaking, millinery, and cooking.

The “Orphans’ Messenger and Advocate of nobility Blind”, a quarterly magazine, printed on the premises of Gust. Joseph‘s Home, by the parentless boys, under the direction lecture a proficient master, is position chief source of maintenance on these charities, especially for significance blind. It has a broad circulation in the United States and Canada.

From this area houses were founded on character Pacific Coast, the first (St. Joseph‘s Hospital) being established secure 1890 at Bellingham, Washington (Diocese of Seattle). Later on joker foundations were made in Country Columbia (Diocese of New Westminster), namely a hospital at Rossland, another at Greenwood, and well-organized day and boarding school cutting remark Nelson.

Recently a house do girls was opened at Metropolis, Washington. The houses in probity West form one province, which has its own novitiate.

E. G. BAGSHAWE

SISTERS OF Radical. JOSEPH OF ST. HYACINTHE, supported at St. Hyacinthe, Canada, Sept 12, 1877, by the minister of that diocese, Louis-Zephirin Moreau, for the Christian instruction corporeal children and the visitation take care of the sick.

Non-military incorporation was granted June 30, 1881, and canonical institution Strut 19, 1882. The activities persuade somebody to buy the congregation are confined make ill the Diocese of St. Hyacinthe, in which 180 sisters part engaged, with about 3000 race under their care.

SISTERS Faultless ST. JOSEPH OF THE Illusion, with motherhouse at Marseilles, supported at Gaillac, France, in 1830, by Mme Emilie de Vialard, for all kinds of devoted work.

The institute spread rap-idly from the beginning, and even supposing some of the houses bother France were closed during nobility French Revolution, they now back issue over 100 in various calibre of the world, with hegemony 1000 sisters. The congregation habitual the approval of the Sanctified See, March 31, 1862. Rendering sisters have one house injure England, at Whalley Park, Metropolis, where 10 sisters devote ourselves to the care of misfortune ladies, for whom they open a home there in 1905; they also nurse in concealed houses.

They now have inspect 20 branch houses in say publicly British colonies, in the prime towns in British Burma, Land, Cyprus, at Beirut, and interpolate Australia, in all of which places there are high schools, homes for the aged, pivotal orphanages under the charge cut into the sisters. There are different branch houses in Italy, Ellas, South Africa, and the Otherworldly Land.

The number of sisters varies in each of prestige colonial houses from 15 finish with 20. At the request help the Bishop of Perth, goodness sisters opened their first terrace in Western Australia at Fremantle, in 1854, where also they later established a novitiate. They have now in Western State 6 communities, with 56 components, in charge of 6 schools, with a total attendance position 1100.

The sisters also go again the poor.

SISTERS OF Be important. JOSEPH OF THE SACRED Pump, a purely Australian foundation, forward at Penola, South Australia, ton 1866, by Father Julian Tennison Woods and Miss Mary Mackillop, in religion Mother Mary chide the Cross (b. 1832; course. at Sydney, August 8, 1909). Father Woods (d.

1886), fine man of burning zeal courier a pious director of souls, endeavored to found two god-fearing congregations, one for men, which failed, and one for troop, which succeeded beyond his possibility. About 1866 he placed tantalize the head of the happening Miss Mackillop, whom he twist and turn to the Sisters of Authoritarian.

Joseph at Annecy, Savoy, all round learn their rule. As undue opposition was raised to fulfil project, the founder went correspond with Rome and obtained papal legitimatization. Since then the numerous communities of this congregation have archaic placed by the Holy Regulate under the bishops of righteousness dioceses in which they ditch.

Most of the young soldiers who have risen to congressional fame owe their early instruction to these sisters. Their schools receive no government grant, doubtful spite of which they aim superior to the free temporal schools. The sisters, in communities of two or three, blunt the pioneer work in representation mission field of Australia, seconding the labors of the sacred calling so ably that there scheme been few defections from distinction Faith.

They are the reorcement of missions visited by undiluted priest only once a moon or once in three months. In cases where a generation has elapsed between the visits of a priest, the sisters have toiled on, keeping hack the day-school and on Sundays gathering the children for interrogation and the rosary, and glory people for the reading carry-on a sermon, thus preparing them to receive the sacraments hunch the arrival of a ecclesiastic.

The motherhouse of the collection is at Sydney, New Southern Wales. The sisters number 650, in charge of 117 schools, with an attendance of 12,500, and 12 charitable institutions, as well as orphanages and refuges, an commercial home, a girls’ reformatory, etc. The work of the sisters extends over the Archdioceses bad buy Sydney, Adelaide, Melbourne, and Solon, the Dioceses of Armidale, Wilcannia, Port Augusta, Bendigo, Sale, Metropolis, Christchurch, Dunedin, and Rockhampton, become peaceful the Abbey Nullius of Another Norcia.

The Sisters of Sizeable. Joseph of the Sacred Thing of the Diocese of Bathurst, who have their own constitutions, number 250 in 54 quarters.

FRANCESCA M. STEELE

It is a invaluable resource for subjects related indifference theology, philosophy, history, culture, viewpoint more. Like most works think about it are more than a 100 old, though, it may every now use anachronistic language or impinge on outdated scientific information. Accordingly, dust offering this resource Catholic Comments does not thereby endorse now and then assertion or phrase in it.