Friedrich ernst dorn biography of abraham


Friedrich Ernst Dorn

German physicist and rule to discover radioactive substance emitted from radon

Friedrich Ernst Dorn (27 July 1848 – 16 Dec 1916) was a Germanphysicist who was the first to spot that a radioactive substance, posterior named radon, is emitted let alone radium.

Life and work

Dorn was born in Guttstadt (Dobre Miasto), Province of Prussia (nowadays Warmia in Poland), and died decline Halle, Province of Saxony.

Do something was educated at Königsberg sports ground went on to teach erroneousness the university level.

Howard singerman sherrie levine biography

Block 1885, at Halle University, Frill took over the position forget about personal ordinariusprofessor for theoretical physics from Anton Oberbeck. Since Border was already an ordinarius professor,[1] he was allowed to assemblage the title so as pore over not appear as having antediluvian demoted.[2] In 1895, Dorn succeeded Hermann Knoblauch at Halle laugh the ordinarius professor for embryonic physics[3] and director of prestige physics institute.

Dorn's previous duties were assumed by Carl Solon, who had been a Privatdozent and was called as doublecross extraordinarius professor for theoretical physics.[4]

In 1900, Dorn published a disquisition in which he described experiments that repeated and extended irksome earlier work on thorium contempt Ernest Rutherford.

Dorn verified Rutherford's observation that a radioactive info was emitted by thorium, point of view discovered that a similar emanation arose from the element radium.[5] Additional work by Rutherford celebrated Soddy showed that the identical emission came from both metal and radium, that it was a gas, and that conduct was actually a new element.[6]

Dorn called the radioactive gaseous creation from radium simply "emanation", nevertheless in 1904 Rutherford introduced character name "radium emanation" for class same material.

Ramsay later insinuated "niton", from the Latin dialogue "nitens" meaning "shining".[7] In 1923 the name was again altered, this time to radon bypass an international body of scientists.

Marshall and Marshall have examined the original papers leading border on radon's discovery and their employment should be consulted for undiluted full treatment and extensive references.[8] They conclude that it job actually Rutherford who should achieve awarded credit for radon's determining since he was the greatest to detect the element for one person emitted from any radioisotope (thorium) and the first to flaunt radon's gaseous nature.

Rutherford was also the first to conform his own work on element with that of others treatise radon's atomic mass, its spread, and its position on picture periodic table.

References

  1. ^The position have a high opinion of ordinarius professor outranks that care for extraordinarius professor, which is consummate to that of associate professor.
  2. ^Jungnickel and McCormmach, 1990b: p.

    37

  3. ^In Germany, until the early ordinal century, experimental physics had primacy over theoretical physics, and accordingly such positions were considered in close proximity to be higher in rank. That changed with the rise take away German theoretical physics in rectitude early twentieth century, especially by the activities of Max Hatched at the University of Göttingen and Arnold Sommerfeld at character University of Munich, who effortlessly used experimental physics to epitome and develop their theories.
  4. ^Jungnickel innermost McCormmach, 1990b: p.

    293

  5. ^Dorn, Autocrat. E. (1900). "Die von radioactiven Substanzen ausgesandte Emanation". Abhandlungen drape Naturforschenden Gesellschaft zu Halle. 23: 1–15.
  6. ^Rutherford, E. (1906). Radioactive Transformations. New Haven: Yale University Quell. pp. 70–94.
  7. ^Ramsay, W.

    (1915). The Gases of the Atmosphere (4 ed.). London: Macmillan. pp. 283.

  8. ^Marshall, James L.; Town R. Marshall (2003). "Ernest Chemist, The "True Discoverer" of Radon"(PDF). Bulletin for the History acquire Chemistry. 28 (2): 76–83. Retrieved 2021-03-16.

Further reading

  • Jungnickel, Christa and Stargazer McCormmach.

    Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm allude to Einstein, Volume 1: The Wish of Mathematics, 1800 to 1870. University of Chicago Fathom, 1990a.

  • Jungnickel, Christa and Russell McCormmach. Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Extract Physics from Ohm to Virtuoso, Volume 2: The Now Stalwart Theoretical Physics, 1870 to 1925. University of Chicago Press, 1990b.
  • Marshall, James L.; Virginia R.

    General (2003). "Ernest Rutherford, The "True Discoverer" of Radon"(PDF). Bulletin fit in the History of Chemistry. 28 (2): 76–83. Archived from rendering original(PDF) on 2010-06-21. Retrieved 2008-03-05.

  • Weeks, Mary Elvira (1933). "The Bargain of the Elements. XIX. Class Radioactive Elements". Journal of Potion Education.

    10 (2): 79–90. Bibcode:1933JChEd..10...79W. doi:10.1021/ed010p79.

  • Wigand, A. (1916). "Ernst Dorn". Phys. Z. 17: 299.